HISTORY Part V: Historical Lessons on crime, antisemitism, hate, terror, and injustice against ordinary people by those with extreme ideology in 1935
AGN Life: Part V
December 4, 2022
WASHINGTON (AGN.News) – This is Part V of our Historic Lessons series. History can be defined as the study and documentation of the past. This history is a record of past events in 1935.
History is a record of inventions. History is a record of people and their accomplishments, of governments and their successes and failures. History offers us a window into the future.
“History” is an umbrella term comprising facts of past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of past events
1935 Historical politically-inspired events
On January 7, 1935, the Franco-Italian Agreement of 1935 was signed in Rome by both the-then French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval and Italian Prime Minister Benito Mussolini.
Post-war Italians received very little in the way of compensation for their sacrifices in World War I, which was one of the reasons for the rise to power in Italy of Mussolini’s fascism.
The French went on a diplomatic offensive intended to contain Nazi Germany by a network of alliances. So, French Foreign Minister Pierre Laval went to Rome seeking to add Italy to such an alliance.
Ordinary citizen became a fascist
On January 30, 1935, Ezra Weston Loomis Pound (1885–1972), a major figure in the early modernist poetry movement, and a fascist collaborator in Italy during World War II, meets with Benito Mussolini, and reads from a draft of “Cantos”.
Ezra Pound embraced Benito Mussolini’s fascism, and expressed support for Adolf Hitler. During World War II and the Holocaust in Italy, he made hundreds of paid radio broadcasts for the Italian government.
In German-occupied Italy, he began attacking the United States, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Great Britain, international finance, munitions makers and mongers, and Jews, among others, as causes, abettors and prolongers of the world war, as a result of which he was arrested in 1945 by American forces in Italy on charges of treason.
Pound spent months in a U.S. military camp in Pisa, including three weeks in an outdoor steel cage. Deemed unfit to stand trial, he was incarcerated in St. Elizabeths psychiatric hospital in Washington, D.C., for over 12 years.
In 1948, Pound went on to published “Cantos” as The Pisan Cantos. After a campaign by his fellow writers, he was released from St. Elizabeths in 1958 and lived in Italy until his death in 1972.
Nazis breaks Treaty of Versailles
On February 26, 1935, Germany revealed the existence of a re-formed German Luftwaffe, even though it was banned in the Treaty of Versailles in 1920 with Reichsmarshall Hermann Göring as commander-in-chief.
What was The Treaty of Versailles – The Treaty of Versailles was the most important of the peace treaties of World War I. It ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919 in the Palace of Versailles, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, which led to the war.
The Treaty of Versailles in Article 231, became known as the War Guilt clause. The treaty required Germany to disarm, make ample territorial concessions, and pay reparations to certain countries that had formed the Entente powers.
In 1921 the total cost of these reparations was assessed at 132 billion gold marks (then $31.4 billion or £6.6 billion, roughly equivalent to US$442 billion or UK£284 billion in 2022). Because of the way the deal was structured, the Allied Powers intended Germany would only ever pay a value of 50 billion marks.
Allies Powers ready defeat of Nazis
On February 26, 1935, A new invention that would later be used in war was demonstrated. The new device call the RADAR (Radio Detection and Ranging) was first demonstrated by Robert Watson-Watt.
Watt began his career in radio physics with a job at the Met Office, where he began looking for accurate ways to track thunderstorms using the radio signals given off by lightning.
This led to the 1920s development of a system later known as high-frequency direction finding (HFDF or “huff-duff”). Although well publicized at the time, the system’s enormous military potential was not developed until the late 1930s.
Huff-duff allowed operators to determine the location of an enemy radio in seconds and it became a major part of the network of systems that helped defeat the threat of German U-boats during World War II. It is estimated that huff-duff was used in about a quarter of all attacks on German U-boats.
Treaty of Versailles totally ignored
On March 7, 1935, Saar (or Saarland), governed by France under a League of Nations mandate, was returned to Nazi Germany in the 1935 Saar status referendum.
On March 9, 1935, Adolf Hitler publicly announces the creation of a new air force, the Luftwaffe. Nazi Germany was preparing for war. Two days later, on March 11, 1935, Hermann Wilhelm Göring officially creates the Luftwaffe (German Air Force).
Hermann Göring, was a veteran World War I fighter pilot ace and an early member of the Nazi Party. Göring was among those wounded in the Beer Hall Putsch, also known as the Munich Putsch. This was a failed coup d’état by the Nazi Party in 1923. After suffering those wounds, he was addicted to morphine for the rest off his life.
On March 16, 1935, Adolf Hitler orders ordinary citizens to support German re-armament in violation of The Treaty of Versailles. Nazi Germany, ignoring all treaties, is preparing for war.
German film director praises Hitler
On March 28, 1935 Influential Nazi Propaganda film “Triumph of the Will” was released showing Nuremberg rallies, commissioned by Adolf Hitler and directed by Leni Riefenstahl.
Helene Bertha Amalie “Leni” Riefenstahl (1902-2003) was a German film director, photographer and actress known for her role in producing Nazi propaganda.
In February 1937, Riefenstahl enthusiastically told a reporter for the Detroit News, “To me, Hitler is the greatest man who ever lived. He truly is without fault, so simple and at the same time possessed of masculine strength”.
She arrived in New York City on November 4, 1938, five days before Kristallnacht (the “Night of the Broken Glass”). The Nazis murdered hundreds of Jews at that time. When news of the event reached the United States, Riefenstahl publicly defended Hitler because they were close friends.
After the war, she was arrested for her role in making Nazi propaganda films, but not charged. She spent the rest of her life trying to convince people of her lack of knowledge of the Holocaust even though she spent a lot of time with Nazis and her good “friend” Adolf Hitler. She never owned up to Nazi connection.
Adolf Hitler again targets the Jews
On August 11, 1935, The antisemitic German Nazi party organizes a mass demonstration against German Jews. The Nazis used ordinary people to support their reign of terror. Antisemitism was in full bloom in Nazi Germany. The antisemites, under the direction of Adolf Hitler were making their move.
On April 12, 1935, Nazi Germany turns attention to book publishing. The Nazis proclaim a total prohibition on publishing the work of writers who were not-Arian. Jewish book publishing is now banned.
On September 15, 1935, The Nazis created the Nuremberg Laws which had the effect of deprives German Jews of citizenship and makes the swastika the official symbol of Nazi Germany.
On October 3, 1935, Italy invades Ethiopia, starting the Second Italo-Ethiopian War. This invasion was part of the coming war by The Axis powers.
The Axis powers was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies. Its principal members were Nazi Germany, the Kingdom of Italy, and the Empire of Japan.
On October 7, 1935, Reichsführer of the SS, Heinrich Himmler, Rudolf Hess, Deputy Führer to Adolf Hitler, and Reinhard Heydrich, a high-ranking German SS and police official during the Nazi era and a principal architect of the Holocaust, inspect the concentration camp at Dachau.
On November 14, 1935, The Nazis deprive all German Jews of their citizenship. The plan for the Holocaust was in high gear. Being non-citizens, their fate was now sealed.
How can we benefit from history?
These historic events can prove to be a lesson for ordinary people. Have respect, proper conduct and behavior towards ones fellowman, ones neighbor, ones community, ones country, universal laws, law enforcement, and ones family.
Historical Lessons… encourages and promotes the positive of an idea which leads to building better communities while the negative of an idea leads to suspicion, accusations, conspiracy theory, and a less than ideal outcome.
Historical Lessons on crime, antisemitism, hate, and injustice against ordinary people by those with extreme ideology can motivate any open-minded person to weigh and prioritize the facts over conspiracy theories and disinformation. Positive will always triumph (good) over negative (evil).
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